A review published in American Family Physician outlines current recommendations for early identification and evaluation of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in young children. The article emphasizes the importance of routine developmental surveillance and screening beginning in infancy, followed by specific autism screening tools at key ages, to ensure that children at risk are identified as early as possible. (aafp.org)
Key takeaways include:
- Developmental Surveillance: Pediatricians should monitor development at every well-child visit beginning in infancy, asking caregivers about communication, social interaction, play skills, and behavior.
- Standardized Screening Tools: Autism-specific screening is recommended at 18 and 24 months using validated tools. These tools can help identify early signs such as delayed speech, limited social engagement, or atypical behaviors.
- Referral for Evaluation: Children who fail screening or exhibit developmental concerns should be referred promptly for comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and early intervention services.
- Early Intervention Services: Early identification gives families access to interventions — such as behavioral therapy, speech therapy, and educational support — when the brain is most adaptable and developmental gains can be significant.
The review highlights that early detection and referral are foundational to improving long-term developmental outcomes in children with autism, and that primary care clinicians play a central role in recognizing early signs and connecting families with services.